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When defining a new package (see Описание пакетов), you will probably find yourself spending some time debugging and tweaking the build until it succeeds. To do that, you need to operate the build commands yourself in an environment as close as possible to the one the build daemon uses.
To that end, the first thing to do is to use the --keep-failed or
-K option of guix build
, which will keep the failed build
tree in /tmp or whatever directory you specified as TMPDIR
(see --keep-failed).
From there on, you can cd
to the failed build tree and source the
environment-variables file, which contains all the environment
variable definitions that were in place when the build failed. So let’s say
you’re debugging a build failure in package foo
; a typical session
would look like this:
$ guix build foo -K … build fails $ cd /tmp/guix-build-foo.drv-0 $ source ./environment-variables $ cd foo-1.2
Now, you can invoke commands as if you were the daemon (almost) and troubleshoot your build process.
Sometimes it happens that, for example, a package’s tests pass when you run them manually but they fail when the daemon runs them. This can happen because the daemon runs builds in containers where, unlike in our environment above, network access is missing, /bin/sh does not exist, etc. (see Установка окружения сборки).
In such cases, you may need to run inspect the build process from within a container similar to the one the build daemon creates:
$ guix build -K foo … $ cd /tmp/guix-build-foo.drv-0 $ guix shell --no-grafts -C -D foo strace gdb [env]# source ./environment-variables [env]# cd foo-1.2
Here, guix shell -C
creates a container and spawns a new shell in
it (see Вызов guix shell
). The strace gdb
part adds the
strace
and gdb
commands to the container, which you may
find handy while debugging. The --no-grafts option makes sure we
get the exact same environment, with ungrafted packages (see Обновления безопасности, for more info on grafts).
To get closer to a container like that used by the build daemon, we can remove /bin/sh:
[env]# rm /bin/sh
(Don’t worry, this is harmless: this is all happening in the throw-away
container created by guix shell
.)
The strace
command is probably not in the search path, but we can
run:
[env]# $GUIX_ENVIRONMENT/bin/strace -f -o log make check
In this way, not only you will have reproduced the environment variables the daemon uses, you will also be running the build process in a container similar to the one the daemon uses.
Previous: Дополнительные параметры сборки, Up: Запуск guix build
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