18 Usando TeX e LaTeX

Guix provides packages for the TeX, LaTeX, ConTeXt, LuaTeX, and related typesetting systems, taken from the TeX Live distribution. Because TeX Live is so huge and because finding one’s way in this maze is tricky, this section provides some guidance on how to deploy the relevant packages to compile TeX and LaTeX documents.

TeX Live atualmente vem em dois sabores mutualmente excluisvos no Guix:

• O pacote “monolítico” texlive: vem com todo pacote único da TeX Live (rigorosamente 4.200), mas isso é enorme — mais que 4 GiB para um único pacote!
• A “modular” TeX Live distribution, in which you only install the packages you need, whose name is always prefixed with ‘texlive-’.

To insist, these two flavors cannot be combined⁴⁰. If in the modular setting your document does not compile, the solution is not to add the monolithic texlive package, but to add the set of missing packages from the modular distribution.

Building a coherent system that provides all the essential tools and, at the same time, satisfies all of its internal dependencies can be a difficult task. It is therefore recommended to start with sets of packages, called collections, and schemes, the name for collections of collections. The following command lists available schemes and collections (veja Invoking guix package):

guix search texlive-\(scheme\|collection\) | recsel -p name,description

Se necessário, você pode completar seu sistema com pacotes individuais, principalmente quando eles pertencem a uma coleção grande na qual você não tem interesse.

Por exemplo. o seguinte manifesto e algo razoável, e ainda um ponto de partidal frugal para um usuário francês de LaTeX:

(specifications->manifest
 '("rubber"

   "texlive-scheme-basic"
   "texlive-collection-latexrecommended"
   "texlive-collection-fontsrecommended"
   "texlive-babel-french"

   ;; From "latexextra" collection.
   "texlive-tabularray"
   ;; From "binextra" collection.
   "texlive-texdoc"))

If you come across a document that does not compile in such a basic setting, the main difficulty is finding the missing packages. In this case, pdflatex and similar commands tend to fail with obscure error messages along the lines of:

doc.tex: File `tikz.sty' not found.
doc.tex:7: Emergency stop.

or, for a missing font:

kpathsea: Running mktexmf phvr7t
! I can't find file `phvr7t'.

Como determinar qual é o pacote que falta? No primeiro caso, encontrará a resposta executando:

$ guix search texlive tikz
name: texlive-pgf
version: 59745
…

No segundo caso, guix search não fornece nada. Ao invés disso, você pode buscar na base de dados de pacotes do TeX Live usando o comando tlmgr:

$ tlmgr info phvr7t
tlmgr: cannot find package phvr7t, searching for other matches:

Packages containing `phvr7t' in their title/description:

Packages containing files matching `phvr7t':
helvetic:
        texmf-dist/fonts/tfm/adobe/helvetic/phvr7t.tfm
        texmf-dist/fonts/tfm/adobe/helvetic/phvr7tn.tfm
        texmf-dist/fonts/vf/adobe/helvetic/phvr7t.vf
        texmf-dist/fonts/vf/adobe/helvetic/phvr7tn.vf
tex4ht:
        texmf-dist/tex4ht/ht-fonts/alias/adobe/helvetic/phvr7t.htf

O arquivo está disponível no pacote TeX Live helvetic, que é conhecido no Guix como texlive-helvetic. Uma viagem e tanto, mas você encontrou!