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An important part of preparing an operating-system
declaration is
listing system services and their configuration (see Usando o sistema de configuração). System services are typically daemons launched when
the system boots, or other actions needed at that time—e.g., configuring
network access.
Guix has a broad definition of “service” (see Composição de serviço),
but many services are managed by the GNU Shepherd (see Serviços de Shepherd). On a running system, the herd
command allows you to
list the available services, show their status, start and stop them, or do
other specific operations (see Jump Start in The GNU Shepherd
Manual). For example:
# herd status
The above command, run as root
, lists the currently defined
services. The herd doc
command shows a synopsis of the given
service and its associated actions:
# herd doc nscd Run libc's name service cache daemon (nscd). # herd doc nscd action invalidate invalidate: Invalidate the given cache--e.g., 'hosts' for host name lookups.
The start
, stop
, and restart
sub-commands have
the effect you would expect. For instance, the commands below stop the nscd
service and restart the Xorg display server:
# herd stop nscd Service nscd has been stopped. # herd restart xorg-server Service xorg-server has been stopped. Service xorg-server has been started.
For some services, herd configuration
returns the name of the
service’s configuration file, which can be handy to inspect its
configuration:
# herd configuration sshd /gnu/store/…-sshd_config
The following sections document the available services, starting with the
core services, that may be used in an operating-system
declaration.
• Serviços base | Serviços essenciais do sistema. | |
• Execução de trabalho agendado | O serviço mcron. | |
• Rotação de log | O serviço rottlog. | |
• Networking Setup | Configurando interfaces de rede. | |
• Serviços de Rede | Firewall, SSH daemon, etc. | |
• Unattended Upgrades | Automated system upgrades. | |
• X Window | Exibição gráfica. | |
• Serviços de impressão | Suporte a impressora local e remota. | |
• Serviços de desktop | Serviços de D-Bus e desktop. | |
• Serviços de som | Serviços ALSA e Pulseaudio. | |
• Serviços de bancos de dados | Banco de dados SQL, armazenamentos de valor chave, etc. | |
• Serviços de correio | IMAP, POP3, SMTP e tudo isso. | |
• Serviços de mensageria | Serviços de mensageria. | |
• Serviços de telefonia | Serviços de telefonia. | |
• File-Sharing Services | File-sharing services. | |
• Serviços de monitoramento | Serviços de monitoramento. | |
• Serviços Kerberos | Serviços Kerberos. | |
• LDAP Services | LDAP services. | |
• Serviços Web | Servidores Web. | |
• Serviços de certificado | Certificados TLS via Let’s Encrypt. | |
• Serviços DNS | Deamons DNS. | |
• VNC Services | VNC daemons. | |
• Serviços VPN | Deamons VPN. | |
• Sistema de arquivos de rede | Serviços relacionados a NFS. | |
• Samba Services | Samba services. | |
• Integração contínua | Cuirass and Laminar services. | |
• Serviços de gerenciamento de energia | Estendendo a vida da bateria. | |
• Serviços de áudio | O MPD. | |
• Serviços de virtualização | Serviços de virtualização. | |
• Serviços de controlando versão | Fornecendo acesso remoto a repositórios Git. | |
• Serviços de jogos | Servidores de jogos. | |
• PAM Mount Service | Service to mount volumes when logging in. | |
• Guix Services | Services relating specifically to Guix. | |
• Linux Services | Services tied to the Linux kernel. | |
• Hurd Services | Services specific for a Hurd System. | |
• Serviços diversos | Outros serviços. |
Next: Programas setuid, Previous: Locales, Up: Configuração do sistema [Contents][Index]