6.7 Invoking guix time-machine

The guix time-machine command provides access to other revisions of Guix, for example to install older versions of packages, or to reproduce a computation in an identical environment. The revision of Guix to be used is defined by a commit or by a channel description file created by guix describe (see 调用guix describe).

Let’s assume that you want to travel to those days of November 2020 when version 1.2.0 of Guix was released and, once you’re there, run the guile of that time:

guix time-machine --commit=v1.2.0 -- \
  environment -C --ad-hoc guile -- guile

The command above fetches Guix 1.2.0 and runs its guix environment command to spawn an environment in a container running guile (guix environment has since been subsumed by guix shell; see Invoking guix shell). It’s like driving a DeLorean¹²! The first guix time-machine invocation can be expensive: it may have to download or even build a large number of packages; the result is cached though and subsequent commands targeting the same commit are almost instantaneous.

注: The history of Guix is immutable and guix time-machine provides the exact same software as they are in a specific Guix revision. Naturally, no security fixes are provided for old versions of Guix or its channels. A careless use of guix time-machine opens the door to security vulnerabilities. See --allow-downgrades.

The general syntax is:

guix time-machine options… -- command arg…

where command and arg… are passed unmodified to the guix command of the specified revision. The options that define this revision are the same as for guix pull (see 调用guix pull):

--url=url

--commit=commit

--branch=branch

Use the guix channel from the specified url, at the given commit (a valid Git commit ID represented as a hexadecimal string or the name of a tag), or branch.

--channels=file

-C file

Read the list of channels from file. file must contain Scheme code that evaluates to a list of channel objects. See 通道 for more information.

As for guix pull, the absence of any options means that the latest commit on the master branch will be used. The command

guix time-machine -- build hello

will thus build the package hello as defined in the master branch, which is in general a newer revision of Guix than you have installed. Time travel works in both directions!

Note that guix time-machine can trigger builds of channels and their dependencies, and these are controlled by the standard build options (see 普通的构建选项).